For Love

            "Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always preserves." (1 Corinthians 13:4-7) Love is by far the most special emotion a human being can feel. It is also one of the most rare emotions one could ever have. Love is something special and sacred and should be treated with respect. The abuse of love in recent times has made it lose value. It has turned into something of a need basis. Love seems to be something one can toy around with; it comes and goes. Love is something one wants to do and has no regrets doing it.

            Kipnis takes love and completely butchers the connotation. She begins to describe love as a task, but when one truly loves another, they know it as a path one has to want to take and find it an honor to commit themselves to their partner. The ideas of sacrifice or burden never come across when love is mentioned.

            Kipnis mentions the idea of mutuality. “Mutuality means recognizing that your partner has needs and being prepared to meet them” (759). Kipnis implants in the reader’s mind that caring for your partner becomes an obligation and doing your partner a favor. Kipnis states, “meeting those needs is the most effective way to become the object of another’s desire” (759). Basically, if one meets certain needs of their partner, the partner will like them. Love does not have certain requirements to meet. No one has the power or capability to express love in a concrete sense. Therefore, how is it possible to set standards for love?

            Kipnis states that love is obtained by following the cans and cannots of a relationship. She goes on to list numerous rules that couples in reality follow. By stating these rules, the partner feels like they are sacrificing themselves for the other.  Frankly, they are not feeling true love. As mentioned earlier, love has to be something that is done out of want and is not to be taken as a burden.

            Love is a very special emotion, and Kipnis has portrayed it in an erroneous way. Her love is a burden with many rules to follow. One feels they are sacrificing themselves in her love. Love is supposed to be done out of want; something that is done with care and treated delicately. Many have to remember the struggle it takes for someone to finally find that true love, and when a person does find that true love, they should realize how fortunate they are to find that special someone.

Notes on Rhetoric

An Example of Rhetoric from Literature

- Rhetoric is by no means limited to nonfiction. Poetry, fiction, and drama also try to persuade.

- Example from Illiad, old and conquered meet young and conqueror to retrieve a body for    burial: Priam uses Pathos to get a feeling in Achilles of remember father-son relationship.    He uses Logos to conclude to tell his real purpose after getting on Achilles' soft side.

Arrangement

- using rhetoric, you have to arrange your argument or thesis with its reasons

- intro, developmental paragraphs, and conclusion

- structure depends on purpose and effect

- The Classic Model

- 5-part structure

- intro- ethos, introduce subject matter, draw reader through various ways

- narration- facts and background on subject, use pathos to evoke emotion about    subject matter

-confirmation- proof of one's position, LOGOS, lot of detail to explain your thoughts

-refutation- counterargument, LOGOS, position in essay may vary when necessary

-conclusion- brings essay to close, PATHOS, reminds of earlier ethos, sums up   everything, reader usually remembers last words.

- ex. :Not by Math Alone, Sandra Day O'Connor

- Patterns of Development

- arrangement can be done by purpose

- Narration

- telling a story, recounting series of events

- chronology needed, detail, point of view, other elements like dialogue

- it supports your thesis

- often used to enter into topics

- Description

- many specific details like narration, emphasizes senses by painting a picture

- establish mood or atmosphere

- Process Analysis

- how something works, how to do something, how something was done

- be clear with steps

- Exemplification

- takes a bunch of examples from the general idea into a concrete one

- argument made more clearer and persuasive

- induction of Aristotle- logical proof which leads to conclusion

- Comparison and Contrast

- juxtaposing two things to show similarities and differences

- used to analyze info carefully, reveals nature of info

- organized in 2 ways: subject by subject, or point by point

- Classification and Division

- sort materials and ideas into major categories

- break down larger concept into parts

- Definition

- lay foundation for common ground or identifying areas of conflict

- defining a term is usually first step in a debate or disagreement

- Cause and Effect

- analyzing the causes to a certain effect, or effects that result form a cause = powerful  foundation for argument

- carefully trace a chain of cause and effect to provide clear logic

- do not jump to conclusion of only one cause or effect, do not mistake an effect for an underlying cause

Examples of Ethos, Logos, and Pathos in Darcy's Speech from Pride and Prejudice

Ethos

"Towards him I have been kinder than towards myself"(170).

Even though Darcy broke up the marriage of his friend and Elizabeth's sister, he believes his actions were good and that it was only done to help his friend out. Darcy thought marrying a girl of lower class in society would harm his friend in the long run. He believes he was kinder to his friend than to himself through these actions. This shows that Darcy values friendship. He will help his friends and be honest to them no matter what, causing him to be a trustworthy person.

Logos

An example would be when Elizabeth states she dislikes Darcy: "I have every reason in the world to think ill of you" (170). She then states why she dislikes him, bringing up how he broke up her sister's marriage with the man she loved. She then states another reason about how he cheated Mr. Wickham, a childhood friend of Darcy that has been rumoring unfair and deceitful deeds done by Darcy to Wickham.

Pathos

"In vain have I struggled. It will not do. My feelings will not be repressed. You must allow me to tell you how ardently I admire and love you" (168).

Darcy expresses his love for Elizabeth, something he has had a hard time to say for a while, or his "struggle". I believe this sparks a sense of Darcy being adorable to the reader and an attempt for Elizabeth to feel the same.

An Example of Each Appeal: Ethos, Logos, and Pathos

Ethos

An example of someone having a good ethos would be one like Bill Gates. If he had to say a keynote address at a computer conference, the audience would expect good language or not to understand a single word about to be said to them. They would also probably believe what he has to say for he has a lot of money.

Logos

An example of logos would be Socrates' Apology. He states that he has not done anything wrong and supports his defense by telling his accusers that his actions were actually beneficial and adds a little bit of mocking towards them through irony and deceptive words.

Pathos

An example of pathos would be when a company wants to advertise products, they want their customers to evoke feelings in order for them to want the product. They use a mass amount of adjectives or pleasing words to connect with the customer.

Similarities between The Great Gatsby and Fast Food Nation

The Great Gatsby and Fast Food Nation seem far in similarity from each other, but some things actually are the same. Both books share a theme of gaining wealth or power. In The Great Gatsby, from Gatsby and Wolfsheim to Tom and Daisy, everyone is looking for the green. In Fast Food Nation, every company mentioned is looking for a profit. Another similarity is that people from both books use unfair or immoral ways to gain money. Gatsby and Wolfsheim enter the black market of bootleggers. The fast food companies used cheap labor and sold unhealthy products. Another theme shared is the "American Dream". Gatsby lived a poor, unfulfilling childhood and worked his way to the top. Ones like the McDonald brothers and Ray Kroc started up with nothing, had an idea, and created millions of dollars. Major characters even show a lot of lying. Jay Gatsby had lied about his background. The fast food companies are lying to employees about their benefits and to the people about the production of their food. All in all, these two books share some quite interesting characteristics.

I Love Soccer.

I love soccer and am very excited for my game today.